The narcissistic child has omnipotent, controlling and tyrannical fantasies of controlling his mother (object), which are part of normal development but need to be...

The infant of Mahler's differentiation subphase of separation-individuation, approx 4-9 months, is observably developed out of total bodily dependence, within a vaguely experienced...

There is a tremendous loss of reality in perversion, an infantile solution for the wounded narc, employing disregard for their feeling of smallness and...

Ego identity refers to a consistent sense of self and a shared set of essential character traits that others recognise. The concept of identity...

The ego ideal leads to primary narcissism, where the child is unable to give up the satisfaction and security once experienced. He is not...

Belief rests as a possibility, not a certainty, yet it produces an emotional state that goes with certainty, as one can't rid oneself of...

An essential aspect of narcissism is being seen as the centre of attention. Self-consciousness can become acute and anxious when a child loses the...

Identity is an all-encompassing sense of self, not fixed, handed down and developed unconsciously. Something shaped and determined, reflected in passion and behaviour, and...

The bond replaces emotional suffering, pain, abandonment and anxiety with a destructive self-limiting role and experience. Keeps one insulated, mechanical and detached from authentic...

People suffering from borderline states have experienced profound early relational trauma with primary caretakers /parents. They are continuously at odds with a sense of...